Biostatistics & It’s Application In
Biology
1. Biostatistics
Biostatistics is a branch of biological sciences with deals
with the study about methodology of collection, analysis, interpretation or representation
of biological data in any research in Biology.
Biostatistics is also known as “Biometry” since it involves many
measurements and calculations. In Biostatistics the statistical methods are
applied to solve the biological problems.
·
Father
of Biostatistics:- Francis Galton (1822-1911)
·
Introducing
Biometry:- Walter Weldon (1832-1885)
·
Basic
understanding of biostatistics is necessary for the study of Biology
particularly doing research in biological sciences.
·
Biostatistics
is the development and application of statistical laws and methods to a wide
range of topics in Biology.
·
The
Biostatistics helps the biologists to:-
1.
Understanding the nature of variability.
2.
Helps in deriving general laws from small sample, correctly prepare
experiments, verify conclusions and properly interpret results.
Main stages of Biostatistics Enquiry
i.
Collection of Data:- The first task of a Biostatistician is to collect
and assemble his Data. The data may be primary or secondary.
ii.
Classification and
tabulation of Data:- When the data are obtained. We have to arrange and condense them into
some suitable form.
iii.
Analysis of Data:- After that analysis the data.
iv.
Interpretation of
Data:- When
the data have been analyzed, We have to interpret them in order to draw
inferences from them.
2. Importance and Role of Biostatistics in Biology
Biostatistics has many
applications in all the branches of life sciences are applicable. Few
Applications of Biostatistics are discussing below.
1.
Genetics
ü Study of the
inheritance pattern of genes.
ü Essential
for the study of Mendelian Genetics.
ü For the
study of Genetics structure of a population.
ü Studying the
behavior of genes of a population.
2.
Community and Public Health
Ø To evaluate achievement
of public health program.
Ø To measure
the mobility and mortality.
Ø Human Growth
and Development.
Ø Promotion of
health legislation and create administrative and standards.
Ø Chronic
diseases.
3. Research
·
Biological research is incomplete without Biostatistics.
·
Used for design the experiments.
·
Deriving logical conclusion from the data.
·
Deriving single value from groups of variables.
·
Selecting the preferred method for collection
of Data.
·
Every results in the research need to be
statistically validated.
4. Epidemiological studies
v Investigation
the cause and origin of diseases in human.
v Causative
factor is statistically tested.
v Geographical
distribution of the diseases.
5.
Medical and
Pharmaceutical sciences
§ Know about
how to diseases developed, progress and spread.
§ Evaluate the
efficiency of Sera and vaccine in the investigation.
§ To evaluate
the possible side effects of drugs.
§ Checking the
efficiency of drugs.
§ For the
condition of drugs treatment trials.
6.
Ecology and
environment
o Deals with
development of new methodologies for analyzing ecological data.
o Statistical
environment data management.
o Interpret
the demographic parameters.
7. Agriculture
ü Define the
agricultural prices and wages.
ü Agricultural
production:- Plantation, livestock and fisheries etc.
ü Helpful in
estimating, planning and forecasting the agriculture operation of given unit of
area at a point of time.
ü Land
utilization and irrigation, including the net area sown, gross cultivated area,
current fallow, cultivated wastes, others uncultivated land, irrigated area in
kharif and Rabi seasons etc.
ü Forest and
Agricultural yield table.
ü Rainfall and
it’s distribution.
ü Temperature
and it’s range, soil quality, pH values
8.
Cell function,
Endocrinology, Physiology, Biochemistry and Taxonomical studies.
